Anjabit Singh College,Bikramganj
Anjabit Singh College,Bikramganj
An Institution of Eminence
अंजबित सिंह कॉलेज, बिक्रमगंज
Syllabus B.Sc-II
VEER KUNWAR SINGH UNIVERSITY, Ara
content
B. SC. PART- I
GENERAL, SUBSIDIARY AND HONOURS
SERIAL No. Subject
1. Physics : Honours & Sub.
2. Chemistry : Honours & Sub.
3. Math : Honours & Sub.
4. Botany
5. Zoology
6. Hindi Rachna
7. Hindi Rachna Ahindi Bhasiyun
8. Urdu Composition
Paper- III (A)
CHEMISTRY(HONS)
Full Marks: 50
There will be TEN questions each of ten (10) marks including Question No. 1 (one) will be of objective type and compulsory covering the entire syllabus. Three questions will be set from each group out of which FOUR to be answered selecting at least ONE from each group.
GROUP-A
1. SOLDSTATE:
Lattice energy, its calculations and application, crystal structure of NaCl, KCl, Zns and diamond, Radius ration rule and co-ordination numbers. Properties of solids: Magnetic properties, Electrical properties and Dielectic properties, Idea of liquid crystals.
2. COLLOIDS:
Definitions, classification. Lyophilic and Lyophobic colloids, Preparationof colloids; peptization, purficaton of colloids Dialysic, properties of colloids, Brownian Movement, Tyndall effect, electrophoresis, Origin of charge, electrokinetic potential, size determination, coagulation, Hardy schulze rule Protection of Colloids Goldnumber Gel, Emulsion and Mecelles.
3. CATALYSIS:
Definition and classification of catalyst, characteristics of catalyst, theory of catalysis, acid-base catalysis, auto-catalysis enzyme catalysis, zeolite catalysis, promoter, inhibitors, catalytic Poison.
GROUP-B
THERMDYNAMICS:
Second law of thermodynamics, Carnot theorem, Cornot Cycle. Entropy and its probability entropy change for reversible and irreversible processes and ideal gases, entropy of mixing of ideal gases, free energy and work function, criteria of chemical reactions, Gibbs-Helmholtz equation, Clausius-clapeycron equation and its applications.
PHASEEQILIBRIUM:
Phase rule, terms and derivation, one component water and Sulphur system, two component solid and liquid systems (Ag-Pb; Mg-Sn, Kl-H2O, FeCl3,-H20), Eutectic mixture azeotropic mixture, congruent and
incongruent compounds.
3. DISTRIBUTIONLAW:
Nernst distribution law, Factors affecting partition co-efficient, thermodynamic derivation, limitations and applications, modification an case of association dissociation and chemical change.
GROUP-C
CHEMICALKINETICS:
Effect of temperature on reaction Tale (Arrhenius equation), effect of catalyst on reaction rate, Energy of activation and its determination, Experimental measurement of order in acid catalysed hydrolysis of methyl acetate, saponification of ester and inversion of cane sugar, first order gas phase reaction (Lindemann Theory)
CONDUCTANCE:
Conductance of electrolytes, cell constant, specific conductance, equivalent conductance and ‘Molar conductance, effect of dilution on various types of conductance and their measurement. Kohlrausch’s law independent migration of ions and its applications, conductometrictitration.
IONICEQUILIBRIUM:
Ostwald’s Dilution Law Determination of dissociation constant of acetic with the help of conductance measurement, Relative strength of acids andbases, salt hydrolysis Constant, degree of hydrolysis. Application of conductance measurement; solubility product, degree of ionization and ionic product of water, theory of acid base indicators.
Paper-III(B)
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
GROUP-A
ATOMIC STRUCTURE:
Determination of electronic charge and e/m ratio, Bohr frequency condition, Dual nature of electrons, Uncertainty principle, idea of ground state term symbols. Excited state term symbol for d2 system
CHEMICAL BONDINA:
Explanation of valence Bond Theory, Qualitative treatment simple applications, Sidgwick-Powell theory, structure of BF3, NH3,H2O, PCI5, CIF3, SF4, SF6, IF7, C03,NO3, S04, I3
Metallic bond-Idea of free electron theory and VB. T. explanation, conductors, semiconductors.
COORDINATION CHEMISTRY:
Double salts and co-ordination compounds, I.U.P.A.C- nomenclature of Co-ordination compounds including complexes with unsaturated molecules or groups and bridging group. Werner postulates, EAN rule, Valence bond theory of Co -ordination compounds, Isomcrism, Types with examples. Shapes of d-orbitals, C.F.T. and its applications, chelates.
GROUP-B
1. General chemistry, structure and bonding of-
(a) Noble gas compounds.
(b) Pseudo halogens and polyhhalides.
2. Transition metals and comparative chemistry of-
(a) Sc, Y, La (b) Ti, Zr, Hf
(c) Fe,Co,Ni .
3. Chemistry of Group-IV Elements:
C. Si Ge: Carbides silicates and letrahalides idea of fullerenes and zeolites.
GROUP-C
SPECTROSCOPY:
Elementary idea of principles and simple applications of the following R Spectroscopy, U-V and Visible spectroscopy.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY:
Use of complexation reactions in qualitative, inorganic mixture analysis, Organic reagents in inorganic analysis, EDTA, dimethyl glyoxime, Oxine, a-nitrose b-naphthol, cupeferron, thiosalicylic acid,
Theory behind the group separation in inorganic qualitative cationic analysis.
(a) Outline of chemistry involved in the following and allied phenomcement
steel, water, fuel and industrial gases.
(b) Idea of major chemical pollutants in environment.
Paper-III(C)
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
GROUP-A
ISOMERISM:
Tautomerism, Keto-enol tautomerism, Estimation of Keto and enolic content, Stersoidomerism, projection formulae elements of symmetry, geometrical and optical isomerism, E-Z and R-S modes of nomenclature.
Elementary idea of cofiguration, diastereoismerism, Asymmetry and dismmetry, walden inversion.
Electrophilic substitution in benzene nucleus, mechanism of nucleophilic substitution at saturated carbon.
Name reaction with their mechanism; Friedel-craft reactions, Sandmeyer Reactions, Gattermann-koch reactions, Caniizzaro’s reaction, Benzoin Condendation, Perkin reaction, Reimer-Tiemann reaction.
GROUP-B
CARBOHYDRATES:
Nomenclature, classification, structure and configuration of glucose and fructose, Ring structure, Ruff degradation, killiani Fischer Synthesis. Osazone formation, mechanism, Epimerization and interconversion (lower to higher carbohydrate & vice-versa, Aldose to ketose & vice-versa.
AROMATIC COMPOUNDS:
Aromaticity and Huckel’ rule, Preparation and properties of benzene, toluene, benzene sulphonic acid, nitrobenzene, aniline, diazonium salt, phenol benzaldehyde, Bennoic acid.
HYDROXYACIDS:
Lactic acid, citric acid, general methods of preparation and distinction between a and b hydroxy acids, stereochemistry of hydroxy acids.
GROUP-C
Synthetic applications of the following reagents in Organic chemistry Raney Ni, LiAIH4, AIC3, Al (OCH-CH3-CH3)3 and HNO3 Brief introduction of TLC, Paper and pas chromatography.
(a) Organic polymers and resins.
(b) Brief idea of proteins.
DEGREE-II
Paper-IV
CHEMICAL PRACTICAL
Full Marks: 50
[A] VOLUMETRIC ANALYSIS:
Estimate the amount of NaOH and Na2,CO3each in One Litre of the supplied mixture solution with the help of standard acid solution.
Estimate the amount of Na2CO3 and NaHCO3 each in One litre of the supplied mixture solution with the help of standard acid solution.
[A] REDOXTITRATION:
(1) Preparation of N/10 KMn(), solution and its standardisation with N/1O oxalic acid solution.
(2) Estimate the amount of Fe’ in one litre of the supplied Mohr’s salt solution using standard KMn04 solution.
(3) Estimate the amount of H2SO, and H2C204 each in one litre of supplied mixture solution wing standard KMnO4 solution.
(4) Estimate the amount of Fe’ in one litre of the supplied solution with the help of K2Cr202 solution or estimation’ of Ni2+, S04 and Ba2+ in one litre of the given solution gravimetrically.
(5) Estimate the amount of copper in onc litre of supplied solution with the help of standerd Na2 s203
2. Preparation of anyone of the following-
(a) Acetylation of salicylic acid, aniline and P-toluidine.
(b) Benzoylation: Preparation of benzanilide and benzoyl derivative of P-toluidine.
(c) Nitration: Preparation of p-niiroacctaniliide, Picric acid and m-di Nitrobenzene.
(d) Reduction: Preparation of m-nilroaniline from meta di-nitrobenzene.
(e) Oxidation: Preparation of (I) Benzoic, acid from benzaldehyde and (ii)anthranilic acid ftom anthracene.
(f) Esterification : Prepasation of ethyl benzoate
3. Note Book and viva-vore.
CHEMISTRY
(SUBSIDIARY AND GENERAL)
Full Marks:75
There will be TEN questions each of fifteen(15) marks including Question No. 1(one) will be objective type and compulsory covering the entire syllabus. Three questions will be set from each group out of which FOUR to be answered selecting at least ONE from each group.
STATE OF MATTER:
Gasous State: Vander waals equation of state, units and significance of a & b, critical constants, liquefaction of gases critical constants, collision no, collision frequency. Mean free, path, Law of Corresponding state.
Solid State: Tyoes of crystalline solids. Laws of crystallography lattice, unit cell and their types, Bragg’s equation, Lattice energy, Born-Haber cycle. Stoichiometric c and non-stoichiometric defects in simple ionic solids.
THERMODYNAMICS:
Definition of terms : System, extensive, intensive properties first and second laws of thermodynamics, carnot theorem and carnot cycle.
(a) Ionic Equilibrium: Ostwald’s dilution law, conductance measurement of dissociation constant of acetic acid, salt Hydrolysis, idea of theory of acid base indicators.
(b) Phase Rule: Terms, equation (no derivation required, Sulphur-system)
4. CHEMICAL KINETICS:
Rate of reaction order and molecule and molecularity, expression for rate constant of 1st and 2nd order re-action, half life period and its units, effect of temp on reaction rate, Arrhenius equation.
GROUP-B
(a) Atomic structure and Bondina: de Broglie’s wave equation, He is enberg uncertainty principle, Schrodinger wave equation (no derivation), wave function, Eigen value and Eigen function. Covalent Bond :Simple treatment of V.B.T,, Hybridization, van derwaals forces and Metallic bonding.
(b) Complex Compounds: Double and complex Salts, Werner’s Poslutales, I.U.P.A.C nomenclature complexes, Isomerism in complexes (only structural).
2. TRANSITION METALS:
General characteristics of transition metals with reference of oxidation state, complex formation,
magnetic behavior and colour of their compound.
3. CHEMISTRY OF GROUP-IV ELEMENTS: C, Si, Fullerenes and Zeolites,
Major chemical pollutants in environment.
4. Chemistry of following elements and their compounds,
(a) Fe ,Co, Nt (b) Cr (c) Mn
GROUP-C
STRUCTURE AND MECHANISM: Different types of lsomerismx, E-Z- nomenclature, Electronic substitution in benzene nucleus and mechanism of nucleophilic substitution at saturated carbon (SN1 & SN2)
NATURAL PRODUCTS: Carbohydrates: Nomenclature, classification, open chain structure of glucose and fructose, elementary idea of glycosides.
(a) Structure of Benzene, preparation and properties of benzene diazonium chloride and benzaldehyde. Lactic Acid and Citric Acid. Brief idea of polymers, resins, proteins, sulpha drugs and antibiotics.
CHEMISTRY PRACTICAL
(SUBSIDIARY AND GENERAL)
Time: 5 hrs. Full Mark: 25
VOLUMETRIC ANALYSIS:
Estimate the amount of Na3CO3, and NA HCO3 each in one litre of the supplied mixture solution with the help of standard acid solution.
Preparation of N/10 KMnO4 solution and its standardization with N/1 oxalic acid solution.
Estimate the amount of H2SO4 and H2C2O4 each in one litre of supplied mixture solution using standard KMnO4 solution.
ORAGNIC PREPARATION: 8 Marks
(a) Acetylation of aniline and p-toludines,
(b) Nitration of nitrobenzene.
(c) Oxidation of benzaldehyde.
(d) Hydrolysis of esters like ethyl benzoate and methyl salicylate. Records of class work and viva-voce.
Mathematics
(General and Subsidiary Course)
Stress should be given an development of ideas and theory development rather than solving problems. Problems should short and intelligent. There will be sixteen question to be set and eight to be answered selecting at least one from each group, One question will be objective/short answer will be compulsory, This question will be of sixteen marks and the rest questions are each of twelve marks.
Paper-II
Time: 3 Hours Full Marks: 100
Group-A : Mechanics
(a) Statics
(b) Dynamics : 2+2 Ques.
2. Group-B
(b)
: 3+2 Ques.
3. Group-C :DiferentialEquations : 2 Ques.
4. Group-D : Vector : 2 Ques.
5. Group-E : Real Analysis and infinite Series : 2 Ques.
Group-A
MECHANICS:
Statics: Resultant of a system Coplaner forces into a single force and couple, Virtual work in two dimension, Stable Equilibrium, Catanary.
Dynamic: Simple Harmonic Motion, Simple pendulum Elastic string and spring, Hooke’s law (one question). Component of velocity and acceleration in a plane, tangential and normal velocities and acceleration, radial and transverse velocities and acceleration, projectile, keplar’s Laws of planetary motion (one question).
Group-B
DIFFERENTIAL AND INTEGRAL CALCULUS:
Differential Calculus: Successive differentiation, Lebnitz theorem, tangent and normal Curvature, Asymmtods. partial differentiation. Euler’s theorem Exact differential, Indeterminate forms.
Integral Calculus: Integration of rational and irrational functions, Notion of Integrals as Sum, Evaluation of definite Integrals. Length of curves, areas of curves. Volume and Surface area.
Group-C
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS:
Formation and solution of differential Equation. Differential Equation of 1st order and 1st degree, separation of variables. Exact differentials, linear differential equation of 2nd order wilh consant co- efficient, Complementary functions and particular integral.
Group-D
VECTOR:
Product of three and four vectors, Differentiation of Vector point functions, differentiation of product of vectors, Grad Diregence and curl of a vector function, Moment of Localized Vectors about a point. Scalar Moment of vector about a directed line, work done by a farce.
Group-D
REAL ANALYSIS AND INFINITE SERIES:
Real Analysis Series: Dedkind’s theory of real analysis sequence and its convergence” Canchy’s sequence its general principle of convergence, monotonic sequence, Taylors and McLaren’s Series of elementary function. Infinite Series: Convergence of an infinites series, Comparison test, Rabbe’s test. Ratio test, Leibnitz test. Absolute Convergence and rearrangement of series.
B.A/B.Sc. Part-II
MATHEMATICS (HONS)
There will be twelve questions to be set and Six to be answered in each paper selecting at least one from each group. One question will be objective: answer type and will be compulsory. This question will be of twenty marks and the rest questions are of each of sixteen marks in both the papers.
Paper-III
Time: 3 Hours Full Marks: 100
Group-A: Real Analysis : 4Ques.
Group-B: Infinite Series : 3Ques.
Group-C: Abstract Algebra : 4Ques.
Group-A
REAL ANALYSIS:
Dedkind’s Theory of real numbers, algebraic and order properties of real no. archmedian properties of real number, sequence and its convergence, Cauchy” sequence, Cauchy’s general principle of convergence, monotonic sequence, cantor’s construction of real nos. Continuity and differentiability of a function of single variables, Properties of continuous and dis-continuous functions, Rollers theorem. Mean value theorems Taylor’s and Macurins series of elementary functions.
Group-B
INFINITE SERIES:
Infinite series and their convergence, Comparison test Rabbe’s test, Cauchy. Condensation test. Integral test, Leibniz test, Gauss, Best, Kummer’s test, De Morgan’s and Bertrand’s test, Logarithmic ratio test, Absolute Convergence and rearrangement of series, Pringrecrsin’s theoretns, Cauchy’s multiplication of series and its convergence.
Group-C
ABSTRACT ALGEBRA:
Binary operation, notion of a group, abelian and non-abelian groups with examples, Different ways of defining a group and their equivalence, Concept of a subgroup and cyclic groups, inter section of Subgroups. Cyclic subgroups.
Cosets. Order of an element, Lagrange’s Theorem, Group of residue classes, permutation group, Cayley’s theorem, Homomorphism and isomorphism of groups, Kernel of a group, Homomorphism and isomorphism theorems for groups, factor group,” fundamental theorem. Concept of a ring, Integral domain and field with examples, Divisor of Zero, a finite domain as a field.
Ring of residue classes, ring of matrices, sub rings, ideals ring, homomorphism quotient rings, fundamental theorem of homomorphism of rings.
Paper-IV
Time: 3 Hours Full Marks: 100
Group-A: Diff. Equations : 3 Ques.
Group-B: Vector Calculus : 2 Ques.
Group-C: Statics (Via Vector) : 3 Ques.
Group-D: Dynamics : 3 Ques.
Group-A
DIFF. EQUATION:
Formation and solution of differential equation, Diff equation of 1st order and 1st degree. Separation of variables, Homogeneous equations. Exact Differential Equations of 1st order but not of the first degree, orthogonal trajectory, singular solution, Linear differential Equations of 2nd order with constant co-efficient, Complementary functions and particular integrals. Application of differential equations.
Group-B
VECTOR CALCULUS:
Product of three and four vector sProduct of three and four vectors. Differentiation of a vector point function Differention of product of vectors, gradient, Divergence and cure of a vector Functions and its deductions, Moment of a localized vector, about a point, scalar moment of a vector about a directed line, integral of a vector functions.
Scalar triple product and its geometrical interpretation. Vector triple product, scalar and vector products of four vectors, Work done by a force, moment of a force about a point and angular differentiation of vector point function, Differentiation of product of vectors, Gradient of a scalar field. Divergence and cur of vector functions.
Group-C
STATICS (VIA-VECTOR):
Reduction of a force system to a force and 2 couple, Equation of the resultant General conditions of equilibrium of a system of forces acting in one plane upon a rigs body. Asiatic centre. Principle of Virtual work for any system of forces in one plane and its converse, omission of the force The Common Centenary and stability of equilibrium.
Group-D
DYNAMIC:
Simple Harmonic Motion, Simple Pendulum
.. Elastic Springs and springs, Hooke’s law, Component of Velocities and acceleration. Cartesian redial and transverse velocities and acceleration, tangential and normal velocities and acceleration. Motion of a particle wider Central force, differential equation of Central Orbit in polar and pedal forms, Newton Laws of gravitation and planetary orbit, Keplar’s Laws of planetary motion.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1.Elementary Differential Equation-W.E. Boyce & R.C, Diprima, Wiley’s Publication.
2.Advance Calculis-Folland, Pearson Education.
3.Advance Calculus-Kaplen, Pearson Educataion,
4.The Theory of Differential Equation-Kelly & Peterson.
Botany Honours
There will be two theoretical and one practical paper in second year B.Sc. Part-II examination carrying 75 marks in each theory paper and 50 marks in practical paper.
Paper-III
PLANT PHYSILOGY AND ECOLOGY
Time: 3 Hours Full Marks: 75
The paper will consist often questions, out of which Question No. I wall be objective type and compulsory covering the entire syllabus. Outremaining 9 questions five questions shall be from Group-A and four from Group-B. Four questions has to be answered besides Question No. I selecting at least two
questions from each groups.
Group-A:
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
Physiology of Plant Cell: Colloidal system, imbibition, diffusion, osmois and plasmolysis. Plant-water relationships: Water potential and chemical potential, transpiration and its significance, factors affecting transpiration, mechanism of stomatal movement. Mineral nutrition: Criteria of essentiality of elements, macro and role of micronutrients, essential elements, mineral deficiency and plant disorders, nutrient uptake and transport mechanism,
Photosynthesis: Historical background and its significance, structure of photosynthetic apparatus, photosynthetic pigments, accessory pigments reaction centre complexes, photochemical reactions, photosynthetic electron transport, photophosphory-lation, the calvin cycle-C, cycle
Respiration: Glycolysis, TCA cycle and its regulation, electron transport system, pentose phosphate pathway ,cyanide-resistant respiration.
Transport of organic substances: Mechanism of translocation in the phloem.
Nitrogen metabolism: Biological nitrogen fixation, reduction of N2, into ammonia, nif-genes, regulation of nitrate reductase and nitrogenase, nitrate and Ammonium assimilation.
Growth and development: General aspect of definitions, Phases of growth, kinetic of growth, physiology of dormancy and seed germination, concept of photoperiodism.
Physiology of flowering: Florigen concept of phytohormones and their role, vernalization, senescence and fruit ripening, physiological role and mechanism of action of phylohormones-Auxins, Cytokinins, Gibberellins, Absbisicacid and Eethylene, phytomorphogenesis, phytochrome, their Role and mechanism of action. Signal transduction-basic concept, plant movement-tropic and nastic. Biological clock
Group-B
ECOLOGY
Introduction: Ecological factors (Biotic and abiotic) ccologkal amplitude, triggering factors-soil, water and atmosphere.
Ecological adaptation: Ecological groups of plants : Hydrophytes, Xerophytes, Halophytes. Community: Definition, composition, development of community and its structure. Method of study of communities, Succession such as hydrosere, lithosere.
Ecosystem: Concept, component and organization, energy flow, ecological efficiencies, cycling of C, N and P, characterization and structure of ecosystem, biotic and abiotic componertts, their inter-relanonsiaps, the trophic organization, auto trophy, heterotrophy, parasitem and detritus, food chain, food web and ecological pyramid.
Flow of Energy and materials: Flow of energy and materials within ecosystem, models of energy flow, ecosystem productivity, biogeochemical cycles, major types of ecosystem.
Phytogeography: General principles, vegetation in India.
Soil: Types of soil in India water hodding capacity, soil conservation & reclamation
Paper-IV
DEVELOPMENT OF PLANTS AND
THEIR UTILIZATIONS
Time: 3 Hours Full Marks: 75
Ten questions has to be set. Out of which Question No. 1 will be objective type and compulsory the entire syllabus. Out of remaining 9 questions. There will be five questions from Group-A and four from Group-B Four questions has to be answered besides Question No.1 selecting at least two questions from each group.
Group-A: DEVELOPMENT OF PLANTS
Organization of the higher plant body: The shoot aud the root system, variations in habit and longevity environmental influences.
Meristems and development: Theories of shoot and root apical meristems lateral meristems and their functions, Range of for and structure of root, stem and leaf, their tissues and functions, mechanical tissues, organization of tissues in relation to environment. Secondary growth in Plants: Vascular cambium, secondary xylem (basic structure of wood), secondary Pholem and Periderm, Anomalous secondary growth (Boerhaavia, Mirabilis Achyranthes, Nyclanthes, Dracaena).
Embryology and Developmental Processes: Microsporogensis and development of male gametophyte, megasporogencsis and development of female gametophyte, endosperm
(morphological nature) and embryogeny. An outline of experimental embryology-anther and
embryo culture.
Group-B:
PLANT RESOURCE UTILIZATION
Plant biodiversity: Concept, status utilization in India.
Origin of crop Plants and historical perspective of economic Botany and Ethnobotany.
Domestically of Plants: Primary and secondary centres of biodiversity. New introduction.
General account of Seeds producing oils- mustard, groundnut, soyabean and coconut, Pulses- Chickpea (Bengal Urad Gram), red gram (Arhar), gram, pea, masoor and mung, cereals-rice, wheat, maize, sorghurn, bajara, Sugar yielding-sugarcane, fibre yielding cotton, jute, coir, Vegetables- potato, brinjal, Timber and firewood-any ten species of your locality, Medicinal plant species at least 10 species of your locality Rubber yielding plants, essential oil yielding plants.
Ornamental Plants: Familiarity with seasonal and perennials species grown your locality.
Recycling of wastes and biogas resources.
PRACTICAL PAPER
Based on paper-III & IV
Time: 4 Hours Full Marks: 50
Experiment based on (i) Osmosis, Diffusion, Transpiration, photosynthesis, Respiration (ii) Separation of chloroplast pigments by either paper chromatography or solvent method
OR
To extract enzymes and to sludy their activity-amylase lipase, acid phosphatase, catalase and peroxidase.
OR
Bioassay of plant hormones-auxin, ethylene, G.A., ABA and cytokinin. 12
Determination of the minimum size of the quadrate by species area curve method.
OR
To study ecological adaptations in plants
OR
To study Selected soil properties such (any One) as texture, pH, carbonate, nitrate, base deficiency and reductivity.
Internal anatomy of Primary and secondary structure of angiospermic plants-normal and abnormal characters.
OR
Embryo dissection (e.g Tridax procumbens) 12
To comment Upon spots (1-6) based on developments of plants and plant resource utilizations. 06
Class records 06
Viva-voce 06
BOTANY
SUBSIDIARY COURSE
There shall be one theoretical paper carrying 75 marks and one Practical paper carrying 25 marks in B.Sc. Subsidiary-II examinations as mentioned below
PAPER-II
BIODIVERSITY OF SEED PLANTS AND THEIR SYSTEMATICS;
UTILIZATION OF PLANTS;
PLANT-PHYSIOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL-BIOLOGY
Time: 3 Hours Full Marks: 75
Ten questions has to be set. Question No. 1 will be objective type and compulsory coveting the entire syllabus, Remaining 9 questions have to be set from three groups (A.B.C) in which four questions are to be answered besides Question No.- 1 selecting at least from each group.
Group-A
BIODIVERSITY OF SEED PLANTS AND THEIR SYSTEMATICS
Gymnosperm: Origin, evolution and classification. Biodiversity; Geological ‘time scale; fossilization and fossils.
Morphology of Vegetative and reproductive parts: Anatomy of root, stem and leaf; Reproducting and life cycle of Pinus, Cycas and Gnetum; their economic value.
Angiosperms: Origin and evolution, characteristic features of primitive angiosperms; Important rules of plant nomenclature (Binomial nomenclature)
Salient features of system proposed by Bentham and Hooker: Hulchinsan
Diversity in members of the families: Ranunculaceae, Rutaceae, Apiaceae, Apocyanaceac, Asclepiadaceac, Lamiaccae, Chenopodiaceae Euphorbiaceae and Poaceae
Group-B
UTILIZATION OF PLANTS
Food crops: Rice, Wheat, Maize, Potato, Sugarcane.
Vegetable oils: Mustard Coconut, Groundout.
Pulses: Gram, Arhar, Mung, Masoor.
Forest Wealth of Bihar with reference to timber yielding plants.
Important yielding plants of your region.
Beverages: Tea and Coffee.
Rubber.
Group-C
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY
Transpiration: Role of major and minor elements.
Enzymes: Nature, types and Properties.
Photosynthesis: Photophosphorylation, Calvin Cycle.
Respirations: Glycolysis, Kreb’s Cycle. Nitrogen fixation.
Plant and environment: Water, soil, atmosphere, light, temperature and biota. Morphological, anatomical and physiological responses of plants to water (hydrophytes and xerophytes)’, temperature (vernalization), light (photoperiodism) and salinity.
Plant community and ecosystems: succession-Hydrosere and Xerosere.
Pollutions: Soil, water and Air.
PRACTICAL PAPER BASED ON
PAPER-II
Time: 3 Hours Full Marks: 25
Morphological and anatomical study of Gynmosperm-Pinus, Cycas and their temporary side preparation and identification 05
Description and identification of plants out of families included in the syllabus 05
3. To comment upon plant physiological experiments set up amongst-
(a) T/A ratio.
(b) Ganong’s potometer: Ratio of transpiration/Farmer’s photometer.
rate of transpiration.
(c) O2 evolved during Photosynthesis.
(d) Moll’s experiment
(e) Anaerodic respiration.
4. Anatomical ecological adaptation in Hydrophytes, Xerophytes, Mesophytes, Parasites and
Epiphytes.
OR Comment upon spots (I-V)of utilization of plants as described in syllabus 05
5. Class records. 03
6. Viva Voce. 02
BOTANY GENERAL
There shall be one theoretical paper carrying 75 marks and one practical paper carrying 25 marks.
Paper-II
BIODIVERSITY OF SEED PLANTS AND THEIR SYSTEMATIC AND STRUCTURE, DEVELOPMENT AND
REPRODUCTION FLOWERING PLANTS
Time: 3 Hours Full Marks: 75
Ten question has to be set Question No. 1 will be objective type and compulsory covering the syllabus. Remaining 9 questions have to be set from thee group (A, B) an which four questions are to be answered besides Question No. 1, selecting at least to from each group.
Group-A
BIODIVERSITY OF SEED PLANTS AND THEIR SYSTEMATICS
Gymnosperms: Origin evolution and classification, Biodiversity. Geological time scale, fossilization and fossils.
Morphology of vegetative and reproductive parts: Anatonmy of root, stem and leaf. Reproduction and life cycles of Pinus, Cycas and Ephedra, their economic values.
Angiosperms, Origin and evolution: Characteristic features of primitive angiosperms, Important rules of plant nomenclature (Binomial nomenclatu Salient features of systems proposed by Bentham and Hooker Hutchinson.
Diversity of members of the families: Ranunculaceae, Rutaceae, Apiaceae, Acanthaceae, Apocynaceae, Asclepiadaceae, Lamiaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Cyperaceae amd Poaceae.
Group-B
STRUCTURE, DEVELOPMENT AND
REPRODUCTIVE IN FLOWERING PLANT
The basic body plan of a flowering plant- Modular type of growth.
Shoot system: Meristems; Initiation, activity and functions of cambium Anamolous Secondary growth in Boerhaavia, Achyranthes and Dracaena, Root-stem transition and Periderm.
Embryological development: Development of anther, pollen grains, Embryo see, fertilization, endosperm and embryo, Brief idea of experimental embryology.
Signification of Seed.
Vegetative reproduction: vegetative Propagation, grafting economic aspects.
PRACTICAL PAPER BASED ON
Paper-II
(GENERAL)
Time: 3 Hours Full Marks: 25
Morphological and structural details of Gymnasperms included in the syllabus and their temporary slide preparation.
Description of Angiospermic plants belonging to the families, described in the syllabus at theory paper and (their identification upto family level.
Study of primary and secondary (both normal and abnormal) structures of roots and stems of angiospermic plants.
Study the structure of anther and pollen grains or ovule and embryo sac development.
OR
Simple experiments to show vegetative propagation-Leaf cuttings in Bryophyllum, stem cutting in rose/sugarcane.
To identify and comment ttpon forms(I-V)
Practical records
Viva-Voce
Zoology
SUBSIDIARY/GENERAL COURSE
Time: 3 Hours Full Marks: 75
Five Questions are to be from each group, Students shall have to answer five question attempt at least two from any group.
GROUP-A
CHORDATA:
Bionomics, General Characters and Classification (up to orders only) of living chordata of the following groups; Protochordata, Cyclostomata, Pisces, Amphibia. Reptilia, Aves and Mammalia.
Study of the following types-
(i) Urochordata-Herdmania (including reterogressive metamorphosis).
(ii) Cephalochordata-Amphioxus,
(iii) Fishes-Scoliodon-Type study: difference with that of a Bony fish.
(iv) Reptiilia-Biting & feeding mechanism of Snakes.
(v) Aves-Columba, Flight adaptations, elementary ideas of bird migration & Sanctuaries of India
(vi) Mammals-Characters, Distribution and affinities of Prototheria & Metatheria.
Comparative study of the following in Vertebrates: Integument, Heart Aortic Arches and Brain.
GROUP-B
EMBRYOLOGY:
Types of Vertebrate eggs and their early cleavage.
Development of Amphioxus (Up to the formation of Coelom) and chick up to 3 germ layers.
Placenta in Mammals: their development, type and functions.
BIOCHEMISTRY, PHYSIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY:
Structure and classification of Protein. Carbohydrate & fats.
Physiology of Digestion, Excretion and Respiration in mammals.
SUBSIDIARY/GENERAL ZOOLOGY
PRACTICAL
Paper-IIB
Time: 3 Hours Full Marks: 25
Dissection:
Scoliodon: Afferent and Efferent Bronchial arteries. Cranial nerves (V, VII, IX & X) Internal ear, eye muscles & their nerves supply. Urogenital system.
Columba: Flight muscles, Arterial and Venous system.
Mounting: 03
Permanent/temporary stained preparation of the following-
Scales of fishes, Armpulla of Lorenzini, pectin and filopume feather of birds
Spotting: 06
Museum specimen – 1 No.
Bones – 3 Nos.
(Limb, Girdle, Skull, Vertebrae of Vertebrates)
Slides: 2 Nos (Endocrinology & Embryology) 2×2=04
Identification of permanent slides of the various development stage of Frog and Chick.
Practical Records 04
Viva-Voce 04
B.Sc. Honours (Part-II)
Zoology
Paper-III A (Theory)
Time: 3 Hours Full Marks: 75
In all ten questions are to be set of which number 1 and 2 consists of objective (1×15 marks) and short answer (3×5) questions respectively and both shall span over the whole syllabus in the paper. Students would be required to answer five questions out of which question number 1 and 2 shall be compulsory.
CHORDATA:
Origin and Evolution of Chordates.
Bionomics, General character and classification of the living chordates (up to orders) of the following groups: Urochordates, Cephalochordate, Cyclamate, Pisces, Amphibia, eptilia, Aves and Mammalia.
Study of the following types-
Urochordata: General organization and life cycle of Herdmania and Salpa.
Cephalochordata: Amphioxus
Cyclostomata: Petromyzon.
Fishes: Labeo or any bony fishes, scoliodon.
Distribution: General organization and affinities of dipnoi.
Amphibia: Origin and evolution of Ambhibia (ii) Neoteny.
Biting and feeding Mechanisms in snakes.
Aves:
(i) Columba
(ii) Origin of birds
(i) Characters, distribution and affinities of Prototheria and Metatheria
(ii) General organization of Primates.
COMPARATIVE VERTEBRATE ANATOMY AND EMBRYOLOGY
Time: 3 Hours Full Marks: 75
In all ten question are to be set out of which number 1 and 2 consists of objective (1×15 marks) and short answer (3×5) question respectevly and both shall span over the whole syllabus in the paper. Students would be required to answer five questions out of which question number 1 and 2 shall be compulsory.
COMARATIVE ANATOMY:
Study of following organ system in major Vertebrate groups.
(i) Integument: Its derivatives and function.
(iii) Respiratory System.
Hear, Aortic arches. Brain. Evolution and fate of kidney, urogenital ducts, gonads.
EMBRYOOGY
Fertilization: Types of Vertebrate eggs early cleavage.
Development of Amphioxus (upto 3 germinal of coelom)
Development of chick (upto 3 germinal layers). Development and function of extra-embryonic membranes in chick. Placenta in mammals-its development, types and function. Organogenesis of Heart, Brain and Eye in Chick embryo.
B.Sc. Honours (HONOURS)
PRACTICAL
Paper-III & IVB
Time: 3 Hours Full Marks: 25
Dissection: 10
Scoliodon and any Bony fish: Afferent and efferent bronchial vessels, cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, X) Eye muscles and their nerve supply, internal ear, accessory respiratory organs.
Frogs-Cranial nerves (V, VII, IX, X)
Lizard-Arterial and Venous system.
Pigeon-Arterial and Venous system, air sacs, flight muscles (with the origin and insertion of tendons).
Mammals-Neck nerves, Urino-gential organs.
Mounting: 05
Velum and Oral hood of Amphioxus, Ampulla of Lorenzini, respiratory membrane of air breathing structures, seals of fishes. Pectin and feathers, Mounting of chick embryo (24 and 48)
Permanent staned preparation of paraffin sections provided. 05
Spelting. 2×10=20
(i) Museum specimen – 2 Nos
(ii) Slides-Histology & Embrology – 4 Nos
Bones
Limbs – 1 Nos
Girdles – 1 Nos
Skull – 1 Nos
Vertebrae of-
Frog, Varanus, Fowl & Rabit 1 No.
Record and Field Work 05
Viva-Voce 06
URDU COMPSDITION
(Arts, Science & Commerce)
Time: 1.30 Hours Full Marks: 50
Distribution of Marks:
Objective (10 questions) : 1×10=10
Critical Questions : 1×20=20
Essay : 1×20=20
The paper will consist of 3 questions with alternative one objective of 10 marks. One critical questions from prescribed text and one letter/application/reporting of 20 marks.
Books Prescribed:
Adbiya: Published by Aiwan-e-Adab Patna Poetry:
Jab Karbala Mein : Meer Anis
Shaheen : Eqbal
O Ishque : Akhtar Shirani
Bharat Mata
